Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition in which the kidneys gradually lose their ability to function properly. It’s typically characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function over an extended period. CKD is divided into stages based on the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), which measures how well the kidneys are filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood. The stages of CKD are as follows:

1. Stage 1: Kidney damage with normal or high eGFR (eGFR > 90 mL/min/1.73 m²).
2. Stage 2: Kidney damage with a mild decrease in eGFR (eGFR 60-89 mL/min/1.73 m²).
3. Stage 3: Moderate decrease in eGFR (eGFR 30-59 mL/min/1.73 m²).
4. Stage 4: Severe decrease in eGFR (eGFR 15-29 mL/min/1.73 m²).
5. Stage 5: End-stage kidney disease (eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m²).

Common causes of CKD include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and certain autoimmune diseases. CKD can lead to a range of complications and symptoms, such as fatigue, swelling, fluid retention, and electrolyte imbalances.

Management of CKD typically involves lifestyle changes, medications, and dietary modifications to slow its progression and manage related health issues. In severe cases, kidney transplantation or dialysis may be necessary. If you suspect you have CKD or are at risk, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and personalized treatment options.